Kering S.A.

What does Kering own?
Kering owns approximately 15 luxury houses across fashion, jewelry, and watchmaking. Its most significant brands are Gucci, Yves Saint Laurent, Bottega Veneta, Balenciaga, Alexander McQueen, and Brioni in fashion; Boucheron, Pomellato, and Dodo in jewelry; and Girard-Perregaux and Ulysse Nardin in watches. The group also operates Kering Eyewear, which develops and distributes eyewear for the group's fashion brands. In late 2025, Kering agreed to sell Kering Beauté, its fragrance and cosmetics division, to L'Oréal.

Is Kering publicly traded?
Yes, Kering S.A. is listed on Euronext Paris under ticker KER and is a component of the CAC 40 index. Despite being publicly traded, the Pinault family exercises effective control through their holding company Artémis, which holds approximately 42% of Kering's capital. François-Henri Pinault serves as Chairman and his family maintains voting majority. The remaining shares are held by institutional and public market investors.

Who founded Kering?
Kering was founded in 1963 by François Pinault in Rennes, Brittany, France, as a timber trading business called Pinault S.A. The company expanded into retail distribution and eventually into luxury goods through the 1990s acquisition of Gucci Group. The current Chairman, François-Henri Pinault, is the son of the founder. The company rebranded from Pinault-Printemps-Redoute (PPR) to Kering in 2013.

Where is Kering headquartered?
Kering is headquartered in Paris, Ile-de-France, France. The group's registered office and principal executive offices are located in Paris. Manufacturing for the group's fashion and leather goods brands is concentrated primarily in Italy and France, preserving the artisanal heritage that underpins the luxury positioning of the individual houses.

How many brands does Kering own?
Kering owns approximately 15 luxury houses organized across fashion and leather goods, jewelry, and watchmaking. The company's most valuable house by revenue is Gucci, which alone represents approximately 40% of group sales. Other significant houses include Yves Saint Laurent, Bottega Veneta, Balenciaga, Alexander McQueen, and Boucheron.

Who owns Kering?
Kering is a publicly traded company with effective control exercised by the Pinault family through their holding company Artémis, which holds approximately 42% of Kering's capital. François-Henri Pinault, son of founder François Pinault, serves as Chairman of the Board. Luca de Meo was appointed as CEO in late 2025. The remaining shares are held by institutional investors and public shareholders.

What is Kering's revenue?
Kering reported full-year 2025 revenue of €14.675 billion, down 13% as reported and 10% on a comparable basis from 2024. Recurring operating income was €1.631 billion, equating to an 11.1% margin. Free cash flow was €4.4 billion. The revenue decline primarily reflected a sustained downturn at Gucci, where revenue fell from approximately €7.7 billion in 2024 to approximately €6 billion in 2025. Kering guided for a return to growth in 2026.

Is Kering involved in any legal or regulatory proceedings?
Kering and Gucci settled with Italian tax authorities in 2019 for approximately €1.25 billion, covering taxes and penalties related to profit allocation practices between Italian manufacturing entities and foreign structures. As of March 2026, no major outstanding tax disputes at that scale have been reported. The group and its Italian subsidiaries remain subject to ongoing Italian regulatory scrutiny, as is common for large multinational luxury groups with significant Italian operations.

François Pinault founded the company in 1963 in Rennes, Brittany, as Pinault S.A., initially a timber trading business. Pinault expanded the business throughout the 1960s and 1970s into wood and building materials distribution, eventually listing the company on the Paris stock exchange in 1988.

In 1990, Pinault made a transformative acquisition, purchasing the French retailer Conforama for approximately FF 2.9 billion, moving the group decisively into retail. Further retail acquisitions followed, including Printemps (a French department store chain) in 1992 and the mail-order company La Redoute, which led the group to rename itself Pinault-Printemps-Redoute (PPR) in 1994. By the mid-1990s, PPR was one of France's largest retail and distribution conglomerates.

The company's shift into luxury began in 1999 with the acquisition of a 42% controlling stake in the Gucci Group for approximately $3 billion. The Gucci transaction was contested; LVMH had been accumulating Gucci shares, and Gucci's management, in a defense against LVMH's advances, welcomed PPR as a white knight investor. The deal included not only Gucci but also Yves Saint Laurent couture, which Gucci Group had recently acquired. The acquisition proved transformational for PPR, introducing the company to the economics of luxury goods, where brand equity and pricing power supported margins far above those achievable in retail distribution.

Throughout the early 2000s, PPR acquired further luxury and lifestyle brands: Bottega Veneta in 2001 for approximately €160 million, Alexander McQueen in 2001 (a minority stake, subsequently increased), and Balenciaga in 2001 (a majority stake). The group also acquired a significant stake in the sportswear company Puma in 2007 for approximately €5.3 billion, adding a global sportswear and lifestyle brand to a portfolio that had been exclusively focused on fashion and leather goods.

François-Henri Pinault, son of the founder, succeeded his father as group CEO in 2005 and has led the company since. Under his leadership, PPR accelerated the transition away from retail distribution toward luxury, selling Printemps in 2006 and divesting La Redoute and other retail assets progressively through the 2010s.

The 2012 acquisition of a controlling stake in Pomellato, the Italian jewelry brand, and the acquisition of Boucheron (already in the portfolio since 2000) and other jewelry brands, established Kering's position in fine jewelry. The group rebranded from PPR to Kering in 2013, the name a play on the English word "caring" that signaled the group's repositioning as a pure luxury goods operator.

In 2014, Kering completed the acquisition of full ownership of Gucci Group, consolidating its position in its most valuable asset. The Gucci brand itself went through a celebrated creative renaissance from 2015 under Creative Director Alessandro Michele, with revenue growing from approximately €3.5 billion in 2015 to a peak of approximately €9.7 billion in 2023. Michele departed in late 2022 and was succeeded by Sabato De Sarno, whose vision for Gucci proved commercially unsuccessful. De Sarno was dismissed in early 2025, and Demna (formerly of Balenciaga) was appointed as Gucci's new Artistic Director in 2025.

In 2022, Kering acquired a majority stake in the sports and outdoor brand Valentino for approximately €1.7 billion. In 2023, Kering moved into the beauty sector by announcing the creation of Kering Beauté, a new division housing fragrance and cosmetics associated with its fashion houses. In 2025, L'Oréal agreed to acquire Kering Beauté from Kering for an undisclosed sum.

For full-year 2025, revenue was €14.675 billion, down 13% as reported. The appointment of Luca de Meo as CEO in late 2025 brought an automotive industry executive into the luxury goods sector; de Meo had previously led Renault and Volkswagen Group's SEAT brand. The company announced plans for a Capital Markets Day on April 16, 2026 to present its strategic roadmap.

Kering has been a prominent advocate for sustainability in the luxury goods sector. The group publishes an Environmental Profit and Loss account, which attempts to measure the environmental cost of its supply chain in monetary terms, an approach that has received recognition from sustainability researchers and investors for its analytical ambition.

Kering is a signatory to the Science Based Targets initiative and has committed to reducing Scope 1, 2, and 3 greenhouse gas emissions in line with 1.5-degree pathways. The company has set specific targets for supply chain decarbonization, recognizing that Scope 3 emissions from material sourcing are the dominant part of the group's total footprint.

The group launched the Fashion Pact, a voluntary coalition of fashion companies committed to environmental targets, at the G7 summit in 2019 at the initiative of François-Henri Pinault. The Pact has attracted more than 100 signatories from across the fashion and textile sector.

Kering's sustainability credentials also include the Kering Materials Innovation Lab, which develops and sources sustainable materials for its fashion houses. The group has set targets for the share of sustainable materials in its products and publishes annual progress reports.

Kering is not B Corp certified at the group level. Individual brands within the portfolio have not achieved B Corp certification.

Kering has received consistent recognition for its environmental and social governance practices. The group has been included in the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices and has received CDP scores recognizing its climate transparency and target-setting.

François-Henri Pinault's leadership in creating the Fashion Pact received recognition from international bodies including the United Nations Environment Programme. The initiative has been widely cited as one of the more substantive voluntary commitments in the fashion industry.

Gucci was recognized in multiple brand valuation surveys as one of the world's most valuable luxury brands, though its ranking and estimated value declined in 2024 and 2025 surveys reflecting the commercial downturn.

Kering's most significant recent controversy involved Balenciaga, one of the group's major fashion houses. In November 2022, Balenciaga released two advertising campaigns that generated severe criticism: one campaign featured children holding teddy bear bags wearing what appeared to be BDSM-style accessories, and a second contained documents from a United States Supreme Court case concerning child sexual abuse material. Balenciaga withdrew both campaigns and issued public apologies. Several celebrity brand ambassadors, most notably Kim Kardashian, temporarily suspended their relationships with the brand. The controversies generated significant media coverage and reputational damage to Balenciaga, contributing to a decline in brand sales and requiring a prolonged period of brand rehabilitation.

Kering's Italian operations, including several subsidiaries related to Gucci and other Italian fashion houses, were the subject of Italian tax authority investigations in the 2010s concerning the tax treatment of royalty payments and profit allocation between Italian manufacturing entities and foreign holding structures. Gucci and Kering settled with the Italian authorities in 2019 for approximately €1.25 billion, covering taxes and penalties. The settlement represented one of the largest tax settlements in Italian history and attracted substantial media attention.

The group has also faced criticism from labor advocates concerning working conditions in its supply chain, particularly among artisan leather goods manufacturers in Italy. Italian authorities investigated certain subcontractors working on Gucci products for employment law violations, including allegations of labor exploitation. Kering has stated it has implemented enhanced supply chain monitoring and audit programs in response.